Heavy metals determination in edible wild mushrooms growing in former mining area - Slovakia: Health risk assessment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5219/528Keywords:
edible wild mushroom, heavy metal, contamination, bioaccumulation, health risk assessment, SlovakiaAbstract
The aim of the paper is to assess a contamination level of forest substrates and aboveground parts of edible wild mushroom (M. procera (Scop.) Singer, B. recitulatus Schaeff., C. cibarius Fr., S. grevillei (Klotzsch) Singer, A. campestris L., R. xerampelina (Schaeff.) Fr., L. salmonicolor R. Heim & Leclair, C. gibba (Pers. Ex Fr.) Kumm., X. chrysenteron (Bull.) Quél., M. oreades (Bolton) Fr.; n = 70) by heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). The studied location was a broader surroundigs of the historical mining and metal processing area of Banská Bystrica. The collected mushroom samples and underlying substrate samples were analysed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry and Flame Absorption Spectrophotometry with graphite furnace. Bioaccumulation factors (BAF) for individual species and their anatomical parts were calculated from the results obtained. In order to assess a health risk resulting from regular consumption of the mushrooms, provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) was calculated from the results of the monitored heavy metal concentration. Limit values for the studied contaminants (Cd: 0.49 mg.kg-1 and Pb: 1.75 mg.kg-1 for an individual with an average weight of 70 kg) are defined by FAO and WHO. Our results indicate that S. grevillei has a high bioaccumulation ability of Cd. It was confirmed by bioaccumulation factors (BAFH = 3.47 and BAFRFB = 2.30). The PTWICd value was exceeded by 4.11 times. A similar situation occurred in the case of Pb where the highest bioaccumulation factor (BAFH = 0.24 and BAFRFB = 0.19) was also recorded in the samples of S. grevillei and the PTWIPb value was exceeded by 1.35 times. In general, it can be stated that a consumption of edible wild mushrooms represent a relatively small risk of negative impact on the health of consumers.
Downloads
References
Alloway, B. J. 2013. Introduction. Alloway, B. J. (Ed.), Environmental Pollution. Heavy Metals in Soils. Springer, Netherlands, p. 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4470-7_1
Alonso, J., Garcia, M. A., Perez-Lopez, M., Melgar, M. J. 2003. The concentrations and bioconcentration factors of copper and zinc in edible mushrooms. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 44, no. 2, p. 180-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-2051-0
Árvay, J., Tomáš, J., Hauptvogl, M., Kopernická, M., Kováčik, A., Bajčan, D., Massanyi, P. 2014. Contamination of wild-grown edible mushrooms by heavy metals in a former mercury-mining area. Journal of environmental science and health part B: pesticides, food contaminants and agricultural wastes, vol. 49, no. 11, p. 815-827. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2014.938550
Árvay, J., Tomáš, J., Hauptvogl, M., Massányi, P., Harangozo, Ľ., Tóth, T., Stanovič, R., Bryndzová, Š., Bumbalová, M. 2015a. Human exposure to heavy metals and possible public health risks via consumption of wild edible mushrooms from Slovak Paradise National Park, Slovakia. J. Environ. Sci. Health pt. B., vol. 50, p. 838-848. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2015.1058107
Árvay, J., Záhorcová, Z., Tomáš, J., Hauptvogl, M., Stanovič, R., Harangozo, Ľ. 2015b. Mercury in edible wild-grown mushrooms from historical mining area-Slovakia: bioaccumulation and risk assessment. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Food Sci., vol. 4, special issue 3, p. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.15414/jmbfs.2015.4.special3.1-4
Burges, A., Epelde, L., Garbisu, C. 2015. Impact of repeated single-metal and multimetal pollution events on soil quality. Chemosphere, vol. 120, p. 8-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.037
Cappuccio, F. P., Cooper, D., D'Elia, L., Strazzullo, P., Miller, M. A. 2011. Sleep durationpredicts cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur. Heart J., vol. 32, p. 1484-1492. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr007
Douay, F., Pelfrêne, A., Planque, J., Fourrier, H., Richard, A., Roussel, H., Girondelot, B. 2013. Assessment of potential health risk for inhabitants living near a former lead smelter. Part 1: metal concentrations in soils, agricultural crops, and home grown vegetables. Environ. Monit. Assess, vol. 185, no. 5, p. 3665-3680. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2818-3
Falandysz, J., Borovička, J. 2013. Macro and trace mineral constituents and radionuclides in mushrooms: Health benefits and risks. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 97, no. 2, p. 477-501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4552-8
Falandysz, J., Kawano, M., Swieczkowski, A., Brzostowski, A., Dadej, M. 2003. Total mercury in wild - grown higher mushrooms and underlying soil from Wdzydze Landscape Park, Northern Poland. Food Chemistry, vol. 81, no. 1, p. 21-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(02)00344-8
Falandysz, J., Kunito, T., Kubota, R., Bielawski, L., Mazur, A., Falandysz, J. J. K., Tanabe, S. 2007. Selected elements in Brown Birch Scaber Stalk Leccinum scabrum. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, vol. 42, no. 14, p. 2081-2088. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934520701626993
Falandysz, J., Zhang, J., Wang, Y. Z., Saba, M., Krasinska, G., Wiejak, A., Li, T. 2015. Evaluation of Mercury Contamination in Fungi Boletus species from Latosols, Lateritic red earths, and red and yellow earths in the Circum-Pacific mercurifeous belt of Southwestern China. PLoS One, vol. 10, no. 11, p. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143608
Feng, X., Tang, S., Shang, L., Yan, H., Sommar, J., Lindqvist, O. 2003. Total gaseous mercury in the atmosphere of Guiyang, PR China. The Science of the Total Environment, vol. 304, no. 1-3, p. 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00557-0
Grandner, M. A., Sands-Lincoln, M. R., Pak, V. M., Garland, S. N. 2013. Sleep duration, cardiovascular disease, and proinflammatory biomarkers. Nat. Sci. Sleep, vol. 5, p. 93-107. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S31063
Gursoy, N., Sarikurkcu, C., Cengiz, M., Solak, M. H. 2009. Antioxidant activities, metal contents, total phenolic and flavonoid of seven Morchella species. Food chemistry and toxicology, vol. 47, no. 9, p. 2381-2388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.032
Hooda, P. S. 2010. Trace elements in soils. 1st ed. Chichester, Hooda PS, editor. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ISBN 978-1-405-16037-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444319477.ch1
Cheung, P. C. K. 2013. Mini-review on edible mushrooms as source of dietary fiber: preparation and health benefits. Food Science and Human Wellness, vol. 2, no. 2-3, p. 162-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2013.08.001
Chudzyński, K., Jarzyńska, G., Stefańska, A., Falandysz, J. 2011. Mercury content and bio-concentration potential of Slippery Jack, Suillus luteus, mushroom. Food Chemistry, vol. 125, no. 3, p. 986-990. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.09.102
Index Fungorum, 2015. Available at: http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/Names.asp (accessed Jan. 2016).
Islam, M. S., Han, S., Masunaga, S. 2014. Assessment of trace metal contamination in water and sediment of some rivers in Bangladesh. Journal of Water and Enviroment Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, p. 109-121.
JECFA, 2010. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee of Food Additives. Summary and conclusions. Proceedings of the Seventy-second meeting, Rome, 16-25 February 2010. JECFA/72/SC, Food and Agriculture in Nitra Organization of the United Nations World Health Organization. Issued 16th March 2010.
Jiang, G. B., Shi, J. B., Feng, X. B. 2006. Mercury pollution in China. Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 40, p. 3672-3678. https://doi.org/10.1021/es062707c
John, E., Laskow, T. C., Buchser, W. J., Bruce, R. P., Basse, P. H., Butterfield, L. H., Kalinski, P., Lotze, M. T. 2010. Zinc in innate and adaptive tumor immunity. J. Transl. Med., vol. 8, p. 118. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5876-8-118
Jomova, K., Valko, M., 2011. Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology, vol. 283, no. 2-3, p. 65-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2011.03.001
Kalač, P. 2009. Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: a review. Food Chemistry, vol. 113, p. 9-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.077
Kalač, P. 2013. A review of chemical composition and nutritional value of wild growing and cultivated mushrooms. Journal of science food and Agriculture in Nitra, vol. 93, no. 2, p. 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5960
Kalač, P., Svoboda, L., Havličkova, B. 2004. Contents of detrimental metals mercury, cadmium and lead in wild growing edible mushrooms: A review. Energy Education Science and Technology, vol. 13, p. 31-38.
Krasińska, G., Falandysz, J. 2015. Mercury in Orange Birch Bolete Leccinum versipelle and soil substratum: bioconcentration by mushroom and probable dietary intake by cosumers. Environmental Science and Pollution Research (in press). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5331-8
Licata, P., Di Bella, G., Potortì, A. G., Lo Turco, V., Salvo, A., Dugo, G., et al. 2012. Determination of trace elements in goat and ovine milk from Calabria (Italy) by ICP-AES. Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B: Surveillance, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 268-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/19393210.2012.705335
Luo, X. S., Yu, S., Zhu, Y. G., Li, X. D. 2012. Trace metal contamination in urban soils of China. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 421-422, p. 17-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.04.020
Luo, X. S., Ip, C. C. M., Li, W., Tao, S., Li, X. D., 2014. Spatial-temporal variations, sources, and transport of airborne inhalable metals (PM10) in urban and rural areas of northern China. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., vol. 14, p. 13133-13165. https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-13133-2014
Malavolta, M., Giacconi, R., Piacenza, F., Santarelli, L., Cipriano, C., Costarelli, L. et al. 2010. Plasma copper/zinc ratio: an inflammatory/nutritional biomarker aspredictor of all-cause mortality in elderly population. Biogerontology, vol. 11, p. 309-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-009-9251-1
Mocchegiani, E., Costarelli, L., Giacconi, R., Piacenza, F., Basso, A., Malavolta, M. 2012. Micronutrient (Zn, Cu, Fe)-gene interactions in ageing and inflammatoryage-related diseases: implications for treatments. Ageing Res. Rev., vol. 11, no. 2, p. 297-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2012.01.004
Ostos, C., Pérez-Rodríguez, F., Arroyo, B. M., Moreno-Rojas, R. 2015. Study of mercury content in wild edible mushrooms and its contribution to the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake in Spain. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, vol. 37, p. 136-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2014.04.014
Ouzouni, P. K., Petridis, D., Koller, W. D., Kyriakos, A., Riganakos, K. A. 2009. Nutritional value and metal content of wild edible mushrooms collected from West Macedonia and Epirus, Greece. Food Chemistry, vol. 115, no. 4, p. 1575-1580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.02.014
Petkovšek, S. A. S., Pokorny, B. 2013. Lead and cadmium in mushrooms from the vicinity of two large emission sources in Slovenia. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 443, p. 944-954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.007
Radulescu, C., Stihi, C., Busuioc, G., Gheboianu, A. I., Popescu, I. V. 2010. Studies concerning heavy metals bioaccumulation of wild edible mushrooms from industrial area by using spectrometric techniques. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 84,
p. 641-646. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-9976-1
Roman, A., Popiela, E. 2011. Studies of chosen toxic elements concentration in multiflower bee honey. Potravinarstvo, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 67-69. https://doi.org/10.5219/134
Saba, M., Falandysz, J., Nnorom, I. C. 2015. Accumulation and distribution of mercury in fruiting bodies by fungus Suillus luteus foraged in Poland, Belarus and Sweden. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. vol. 2015, p. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5513-4
Siciliano, S. D., James, K., Zhang, G., Schafer, A. N., Peak, J. D. 2009. Adhesion and enrichment of metals on human hands from contaminated soil at an Arctic urban brownfield. Environ. Sci. Technol., vol. 43, no. 16, p. 6385-6390. https://doi.org/10.1021/es901090w
Da Silva, J. B. B., Borges, D. L. G., Da Veiga, M. A. M. S., Curtius, A. J., Welz, B. 2003. Determination of cadmium in biological samples solubilized with tetramethylammonium hydroxide by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, using ruthenium as permanent modifier, Talanta, vol. 60, no. 5, p. 977-982. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00182-6
Szolnoki, Z., Farsang, A., Puskás, I. 2013. Cumulative impacts of human activities on urban garden soils: origin and accumulation of metals. Environmental Pollution, vol. 177, p. 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.007
Timoracká, M., Vollmannová, A., Ismael, S. D. 2011. Minerals, trace elements and flavonoids content in white and coloured kidney bean. Potravinarstvo, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 56-60. https://doi.org/10.5219/116
Wang, X. M., Zhang, J., Wu, L. H., Zhao, Y. L., Li, T., Li, J. Q., et al. 2014. A mini-review of chemical composition and nutritional value of edible wild-grown mushroom from China. Food Chemistry, vol. 151, p. 279-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.062
WHO. 1993. Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants, 41st Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Technical Reports Series No 837. World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland).
Wuana, R. A., Okieimen, F. E. 2011. Heavy metals in contaminated soils: a review of sources, chemistry, risks and best available strategies for remedisation. ISRN Ecology, Article ID 402647, p. 20. https://doi.org/10.5402/2011/402647
Zhang, D., Gao, T., Ma, P., Luo, Y., Su, P. 2008. Bioaccumulation of heavy metal in wild growing mushrooms from Liagshan Yi nationality autonomous prefecture, China. Journal of Natural Science, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11859-008-0302-2
Zhu, F., Qu, L., Fan, W., Qiao, M., Hao, H., Wang, X. 2011. Assessment of heavy metals in some wild edible mushrooms collected from Yunnan Province, China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. 179, no. 1, p. 191-199. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1728-5
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).