Assessment of the intake of selected minerals in population of premenopausal women based on specific socio-demographic indicators
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5219/1288Keywords:
minerals, intake, diet, menopause, place of residence, type of homeAbstract
Eating behavior interventions are a modifiable risk factor for chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to monitor the intake of selected minerals – calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, selenium, and chromium in the diet of premenopausal women (n = 30) and to highlight the possible adverse effects of disbalanced intake of these elements. At the same time, we investigated whether socio-demographic factors and choice of food store have an impact on the intake of these substances. We assessed the intake of selected minerals using three-day nutritional protocols and subsequently processed the data. The participants were women between 40 and 50 years old, from districts of Partizánske and Prievidza, for whom menopause has not yet begun. Women provided information about their place of residence (urban or rural area), type of home they live in (family house or apartment), and the type of food store where they grocery shop. The results indicate an impact of the place of residence: higher intake of zinc (p = 0.012) and selenium (p = 0.020) were observed in the participants from the urban area. The impact of the type of home was proven on the intake of chromium (p = 0.049), copper (p = 0.048), and carbohydrates (p = 0.021) with higher intake in the apartment-dwelling group. The impact of food store choice has not been confirmed. Based on the observed values, we conclude that the observed population might be at a higher risk of skeletal disorders and osteoporosis due to deficient calcium intake and the unfavorable ratio of Ca:P; increased Zn and Se intake levels may stimulate the development of cardiovascular risk factors and may also elevate the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Albuquerque, T. G., Santos, J., Silva, M. A., Oliveira, M. B. P. P., Costa, H. S. 2018. An update on processed foods: Relationship between salt, saturated and trans fatty acids contents. Food Chemistry, vol. 267, p. 75-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.029
Alizadeh, M., Safaeiyan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Estakhri, R., Daneghian, S., Ghaffari, A., Gargari, B. P. 2012. Effect of L -Arginine and Selenium Added to a Hypocaloric Diet Enriched with Legumes on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women with Central Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, vol. 60, no. 2, p. 157-168. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335470 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000335470
An, R. 2016. Weekend-weekday differences in diet among U.S. adults, 2003–2012. Annals of Epidemiology, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.10.010
Asemi, Z., Jamilian, M., Mesdaghinia, E., Esmaillzadeh, A. 2015. Effects of selenium supplementation on glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition, vol. 31, no. 10, p. 1235-1242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.04.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.04.014
Biesalski, H. K., Tinz, J. 2018. Micronutrients in the life cycle: Requirements and sufficient supply. NFS Journal, vol. 11, p. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2018.03.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2018.03.001
Bjørklund, G., Aaseth, J., Skalny, A. V., Suliburska, J., Skalnaya, M. G., Nikonorov, A. A., Tinkov, A. A. 2017. Interactions of iron with manganese, zinc, chromium, and selenium as related to prophylaxis and treatment of iron deficiency. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, vol. 41, p. 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.02.005
Bost, M., Houdart, S., Oberli, M., Kalonji, E., Huneau, J. F., Margaritis, I. 2016. Dietary copper and human health: Current evidence and unresolved issues. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, vol. 35, p. 107-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.02.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.02.006
Brown, K. H., Hambidge, M. K., Ranum, P. 2010. Zinc Fortification of Cereal Flours: Current Recommendations and Research Needs. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, vol. 31, no. 1, p. S62-S74. https://doi.org/10.1177/15648265100311S106 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/15648265100311S106
Cockx, L., Colen, L., De Weerdt, J. 2018. From corn to popcorn? Urbanization and dietary change: Evidence from rural-urban migrants in Tanzania. World Development, vol. 110, p. 140-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.04.018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.04.018
Cohen, D. A., Collins, R., Hunter, G., Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Dubowitz, T. 2015. Store Impulse Marketing Strategies and Body Mass Index. American Journal of Public Health, vol. 105, no. 7, p. 1446-1452. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302220 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302220
Combet, E., Buckton, C. 2019. Micronutrient deficiencies, vitamin pills and nutritional supplements. Medicine, vol. 47, no. 3, p. 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2018.12.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2018.12.004
Cummins, S., Flint, E., Matthews, S. A. 2014. New Neighborhood Grocery Store Increased Awareness Of Food Access But Did Not Alter Dietary Habits Or Obesity. Health Affairs, vol. 33, no. 2, p. 283-291. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0512 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0512
Dome, P., Tombor, L., Lazary, J., Gonda, X., Rihmer, Z. 2019. Natural health products, dietary minerals and over-the-counter medications as add-on therapies to antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a review. Brain Research Bulletin, vol. 146, p. 51-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.12.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.12.015
EFSA. 2006. Tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and minerals. Parma, Italy : EFSA. ISBN 92-9199-014-0. Available at: https://www.efsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/efsa_rep/blobserver_assets/ndatolerableuil.pdf
EFSA. 2015. Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for phosphorus. EFSA Journal, vol. 13, no. 7, 54 p. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4185 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4185
Eshak, E. S., Iso, H., Yamagishi, K., Maruyama, K., Umesawa, M., Tamakoshi, A. 2018. Associations between copper and zinc intakes from diet and mortality from cardiovascular disease in a large population-based prospective cohort study. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol. 56, p. 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.02.008
Grotto, D., Hornos Carneiro, M. F., De Castro, M. M., Garcia, S. C., Junior, F. B. 2018. Long-Term Excessive Selenium Supplementation Induces Hypertension in Rats. Biological Trace Element Research, vol. 182, p. 70-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1076-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1076-1
Haines, P. S., Hama, M. Y., Guilkey, D. K., Popkin, B. M. 2003. Weekend Eating in the United States Is Linked with Greater Energy, Fat, and Alcohol Intake. Obesity Research, vol. 11, no. 8, p. 945-949. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.130 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.130
Harvey, R. E., Coffman, K. E., Miller, V. M. 2015. Women-Specific Factors to Consider in Risk, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Women's Health, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 239-257. https://doi.org/10.2217/WHE.14.64 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2217/WHE.14.64
Ilow, R., Regulska-Ilow, B., Różańska, D., Zatońska, K., Dehghan, M., Zhang, X., Szuba, A., Vatten, L., Janik-Koncewicz, K., Mańczuk, M., Zatoński, W. A. 2011. Evaluation of mineral and vitamin intake in the diet of a sample of Polish population – baseline assessment from the prospective cohort ‘PONS’ study. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, vol. 18, no. 2, p. 235-240.
Itkonen, S. T., Rita, H. J., Saarnio, E. M., Kemi, V. E., Karp, H. J., Kärkkäinen, M. U. M., Pekkinen, M. H., Laitinen, E. K., Risteli, J., Koivula, M. K., Sievänen, H., Lamberg-Allardt, C. J. E. 2017. Dietary phosphorus intake is negatively associated with bone formation among women and positively associated with some bone traits among men—a cross-sectional study in middle-aged Caucasians. Nutrition Research, vol. 37, p. 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2016.12.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2016.12.009
Jahns, L., Conrad, Z., Johnson, L. K., Scheett, A. J., Stote, K. S., Raatz, S. K. 2017. Diet Quality Is Lower and Energy Intake Is Higher on Weekends Compared with Weekdays in Midlife Women: A 1-Year Cohort Study. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, vol. 117, no. 7, p. 1080-1086.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.01.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2017.01.012
Kaprara, E., Kazakis, N., Simeonidis, K., Coles, S., Zouboulis, A. I., Samaras, P., Mitrakas, M. 2015. Occurrence of Cr(VI) in drinking water of Greece and relation to the geological background. Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 281, p. 2-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.084 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.06.084
Koşar, F., Şahin, I., Taşkapan, Ç., Küçükbay, Z., Güllü, H., Taşkapan, H., Çehreli, Ş. 2006. Trace element status (Se, Zn, Cu) in heart failure. The Anatolian Journal of Cardiology, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 216-220.
Liese, A. D., Ma, X., Hutto, B., Sharpe, P. A., Bell, B. A., Wilcox, S. 2017. Food Shopping and Acquisition Behaviors in Relation to BMI among Residents of Low-Income Communities in South Carolina. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 14, no. 9, 15 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091075
McKeag, N. A., McKinley, M. C., Woodside, J. V., Harbinson, M. T., McKeown, P. P. 2012. The Role of Micronutrients in Heart Failure. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, vol. 112, no. 6, p. 870-886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.01.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.01.016
MHSR. 2015. Odporúčané výživové dávky pre obyvateľstvo v Slovenskej Republike (The Recommended Dietary Allowances of nutrients for the population of Slovak republic), 9. revision, vol. 63. (In Slovak)
OECD. 2017. OECD - European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. Slovak Republic: Country Health Profile 2017, State of Health in the EU, OECD Publishing, Paris/European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Brussels. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264283541-en DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264283541-en
Okop, K. J., Levitt, N., Puoane, T. 2015. Factors Associated with Excessive Body Fat in Men and Women: Cross-Sectional Data from Black South Africans Living in a Rural Community and an Urban Township. PLOS ONE, vol. 10, no. 10, 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140153 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140153
Ong, A. M., Weiler, H. A., Wall, M., Goltzman, D., Whiting, S. J., Daskalopoulou, S. S., Morin, S. N. 2017. A 51-item calcium-focused food frequency questionnaire is a reliable tool to assess dietary calcium intake in postmenopausal women. Nutrition Research, vol. 43, p. 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2017.05.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2017.05.006
Rothman, M., Ranneileng, M., Nel, R., Walsh, C. 2018. Nutritional status and food intake of women residing in rural and urban areas of Lesotho. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 32, no. 1, p. 21-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2017.1415783 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2017.1415783
Ruopeng, A. 2016. Weekend-weekday differences in diet among U.S. adults, 2003–2012. Annals of Epidemiology, vol. 26, no. 1, p. 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.10.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.10.010
Salehifar, E., Shokrzadeh, M., Ghaemian, A., Aliakbari, S., Saeedi Saravi, S. S. 2008. The Study of Cu and Zn Serum Levels in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy (IDCMP) Patients and its Comparison with Healthy Volunteers. Biological Trace Element Research, vol. 125, no. 2, p. 97-108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-008-8151-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-008-8151-6
Shah, D., Sachdev, H. S., Gera, T., De-Regil, L. M., Peña‐Rosas, J. P. 2016. Fortification of staple foods with zinc for improving zinc status and other health outcomes in the general population. Cochrane Systematic Reviews, no. 6, 83 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010697.pub2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010697.pub2
Shergill-Bonner, R. 2017. Micronutrients. Paediatrics and Child Health, vol. 27, no. 8, p. 357-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2017.04.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paed.2017.04.002
Skowrońska-Jóźwiak, E., Jaworski, M., Lorenc, R., Karbownik-Lewińska, M., Lewiński, A. 2017. Low dairy calcium intake is associated with overweight and elevated blood pressure in Polish adults, notably in premenopausal women. Public Health Nutrition, vol. 20, no. 4, p. 630-637. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016002706 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016002706
Skowrońska-Jóźwiak, E., Jaworski, M., Lorenc, R., Lewiński, A. 2016. Influence of dietary calcium intake on quantitative and qualitative parameters of bone tissue in Polish adults. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, vol. 23, no. 3, p. 495-501. https://doi.org/10.5604/12321966.1219194 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/12321966.1219194
Staniek, H., Wójciak, R. W. 2018. The combined effect of supplementary Cr(III) propionate complex and iron deficiency on the chromium and iron status in female rats. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, vol. 45, p. 142-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.10.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.10.010
Svačina, Š., Bretšnajdrová, A., Holcátová, I., Horáček, J., Kovářová, K., Kreuzbergová, J., Müllerová, D., Peiskerová, M., Rušavý, Z., Sulková, S., Šmahelová, A. 2008. Klinická dietologie (The Clinical dietology). Praha : Grada Publishing, a.s. 384 p. (In Czech) ISBN 978-80-247-2256-6.
Svatikova, A., Hayes, S. N. 2018. Menopause and menopausal hormone therapy in women: cardiovascular benefits and risks. Revista Colombiana de Cardiología, vol. 25, p. 30-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2017.12.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2017.12.004
Trivedi, T., Liu, J., Probst, J. C., Merchant, A., Jones, S., Martin, A. 2015. Obesity and obesity-related behaviors among rural and urban adults in the USA. Rural and Remote Health, vol. 15, no. 4, 11 p. Available at: https://www.rrh.org.au/journal/article/3267 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22605/RRH3267
Uzzan, M., Kirchgesner, J., Poupon, J., Corcos, O., Pignenot, I., Joly, F. 2017. Antioxidant trace elements serum levels in long-term parenteral nutrition (PN): Prevalence and infectious risk associated with deficiencies, a retrospective study from a tertiary home-PN center. Clinical Nutrition, vol. 36, no. 3, p. 812-817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.05.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.05.008
Vinceti, M., Chawla, R., Filippini, T., Dutt, C., Cilloni, S., Loomba, R., Bargellini, A., Orsini, N., Dhillon, K. S., Whelton, P. 2019. Blood pressure levels and hypertension prevalence in a high selenium environment: results from a cross-sectional study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, vol. 29, no. 4, p. 398-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2019.01.004
Wang, X., Zhang, W., Chen, H., Liao, N., Wang, Z., Zhang, X., Hai, C. 2014. High selenium impairs hepatic insulin sensitivity through opposite regulation of ROS. Toxicology Letters, vol. 224, no. 1, p. 16-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.005
Wedisinghe, L., Perera, M. 2009. Diabetes and the menopause. Maturitas, vol. 63, no. 3, p. 200-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.04.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.04.005
Zohal, M., Jam-Ashkezari, S., Namiranian, N., Moosavi, A., Ghadiri-Anari, A. 2019. Association between selected trace elements and body mass index and waist circumference: A cross sectional study. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 1293-1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.019
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This license permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
