Frequented species of field fungi on wheat and their potential production of toxic metabolites

Zuzana  Mašková; Dana  Tančinová; Zuzana  Barboráková; Michal  Mokrý

doi:10.5219/108

Authors

Zuzana Mašková Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra
Dana Tančinová Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra
Zuzana Barboráková Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra
Michal Mokrý Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5219/108

Keywords:

Alternaria, Fusarium, mycotoxin, wheat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to monitor isolates of Alternaria and Fusarium species, isolated from Slovak wheat grains in 2006 - 2008, for ability to produce mycotoxins and to estimate a potential contamination risk of wheat grains by mycotoxins. Toxinogenity of isolates was analyzed by means of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). A total of 302 Alternaria species (A. alternata, A. arborescens, A. infectoria, A. tenuissima) were tested by TLC method and a total of 238 Fusarium species (F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, F. crookwellense, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. langsethiae, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. proliferatum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. sporotrichioides, F. subglutinans, F. tricinctum, F. verticillioides) were analyzed by TLC as well as LC/MS/MS method. All Alternaria sp. strains, excepting A. infectoriastrains, showed high potention to produce altenuen, alternariol and alternariol monomethylether. None of A. infectoriaspecies strains produced any mycotoxins analyzed in this study. Fusarium sp. strains demonstrated, according to toxicology specificity, ability to produce trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, fusarenone X, HT-2 toxin, monoacetoxyscirpenol, neosolaniol, nivalenol, T-2 toxin), fumonisins, zearalenones, moniliformine and rarely mentioned toxins as aurofusarine, beauvericine, enniatins, equisetin and chlamydosporol. High potential production of mycotoxins and wide spectrum of toxic metabolites represent high risk of toxins production in real field conditions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

ABRAMSON, D., CLEAR, R. M., GABA, D., SMITH, D. M., PATRICK, S. K., SAYDAK, D. 2001. Trichothecene and moniliformin production by Fusarium species from western Canadian wheat. In Journal of Food Protection, 2001, vol. 64, vol. 8 p. 1220-1225. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-64.8.1220

PMid:11510664

https://doi.org/10.1139/m96-093

ANDERSEN, B., KROGER, E., ROBERTS, R. G. 2002. Chemical and morphological segregation of Alternaria arborescens, A. infectoria and A. tenuissima species-groups. In Mycological Research, 2002, Vol. 106, p. 170-182.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201005263 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201005263

ANDERSEN, B., THRANE, U. 1996. Differentiation of Alternaria infectoria and Alternaria alternata based on morphology, metabolite profiles and cultural characteristics. In Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 1996, vol. 42, p. 685-689. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/m96-093

ANDERSEN, B., THRANE, U. 2006. Food-borne fungi in fruit and cereals and their production of mycotoxins. In Hocking, A. D., Pitt, J. I., Samson, R. A., Thrane, U. 2006. Advances in Food Mycology, 2006, vol. 571, p. 137-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28391-9_8

BERGHOFER, L. K., HOCKING, A. D., MISKELLY, D., JANSSON, E. 2002. Microbiology of wheat and flour milling in Australia. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2002, vol. 85, p. 137-149.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00507-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00507-X

PMid: 12810278

BOTTALICO, A., LOGRIECO, A. 1992. Alternaria plant diseases in Mediterranean countries and associated mycotoxins. In Chełkowski, J., Visconti, A., 1992. Alternaria Biology, Plant Diseases and Metabolites. Elsevier : London, 1992, 564 p., ISBN 0-444-88998-1.

BOTTALICO, A., PERRONE, G. 2002. Toxigenic Fusarium species and mycotoxins associated with head blight in small-grain cereals in Europe. In European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2002, vol. 108, p. 611-624. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0001-7_2

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020635214971 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020635214971

DESJARDINS, A. E. 2006. Fusarium Mycotoxins. Chemistry, Genetics, and Biology. St. Paul : The American Phytopathological Society, 2006, 260 p., ISBN 0-89054-335-6.

DIAZ, D. 2005. The mycotoxin Blue Book. University Press : Nottingham, 2005, 349 p., ISBN 1-904761-19-4.

CHIEŁKOWSKI, J., VISCONTI, A. 1992. Alternaria - Biology, Plant Diseases and Metabolites. London : Elsevier, 1992, 573 p., ISBN 0-444-88998-1.

CHRISTENSEN, K. B., VAN KLINK, J. W., WEAVERS, R. T., LARSEN, T. O. ANDERSEN, B., PHIPPS, R. K. 2005. Novel chemotaxonomic markers of the Alternaria infectoria species-group. In Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005, vol. 53, p. 9431-9435.

https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0513213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0513213

PMid:16302758

IVANOVA, L., PETERSEN, D., UHLIG, S. 2010. Phomenins and fatty acids from Alternaria infectoria. In Toxicon, 2010, vol. 55, p. 1007-1114.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.017

PMid:20060014

JESENSKÁ, Z. 1987. Mikroskopické huby v požívatinách a v krmivách. Bratislava : Alfa, 1987, 319 p.

LABUDA, R., TANČINOVÁ, D. 2006. Fungi recovered from Slovakian poultry feed mixtures and their toxinogenity. In Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2006, vol. 13, p. 193-200.

PMid:17195991

LACEY, J. 1989. Pre- and post- harvest ecology of fungi causing spoilage of foods and other stored products. In Journal of Applied Bacteriology Supplement, 1989, vol. 67, p. 11 - 25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb03766.x

LARSEN, T. O., PERRY, N. B., ANDERSEN, B. 2003. Infectopyrone, a potential mycotoxin from Alternaria infectoria. In Tetrahedron Letters, 2003, vol. 44, p. 4511-4513.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(03)01018-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(03)01018-9

Logrieco, A., Moretti, A., Ritieni, A., Caiffa, M. F., Macchia, L., 2002. Beauvericin: chemistry, biology and significance. In Upadhyay, R. K. 2002. Advances in Microbial Toxin Research and Its Biotechnological Exploitation. New York : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, p. 23-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4439-2_2

MAGAN, N., LACEY, J. 1988. Ecological determinants of mould growth in stored grain. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, Vol. 7, 1988, no. 3, p. 245-256.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1605(88)90043-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1605(88)90043-8

MAŠKOVÁ, Z., TANČINOVÁ, D. 2009. Spektrum mikromycét rodu Alternaria izolovaných zo pšenice slovenského pôvodu v sezóne 2008. In IV. Vedecká konferencia doktorandov s medzinárodnou účasťou. Nitra : SPU, 2009, p. 293 - 296.

MAŠKOVÁ, Z. 2010. Štúdium mikroskopických húb rodov Alternaria a Fusarium a ich toxických metabolitov v pšenici (Triticum aestivum L.) : dizertačná práca. Nitra : SPU, 2010, 165 p.

MEDINA, Á., VALLE-ALGARRA, F. M., MATEO, R., GIMENO-ADELANTADO, J. V., MATEO, F., JIMÉNEZ, M. 2006. Survey of the mycobiota of Spanish malting barley and evaluation of the mycotoxin producing potential of species of Alternaria, Aspergillus and Fusarium. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2006, vol. 108, no. 2, p. 196-203.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.12.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.12.003

PMid:16443299

MORRISON, E., KOSIAK, B., RITIENI, A., AASTVEIT, A. H., UHLIG, S., BERNHOFT, A. 2002. Mycotoxin production by Fusarium avenaceum strains isolated from Norwegian grain and the cytotoxicity of rice culture extracts to porcine epithelial cells. In Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, vol. 50, p. 3070-3075.

https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011532h DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011532h

PMid:11982443

MOSS, M. O., THRANE, U., 2004. Fusarium taxonomy with relation to trichothecene formation. In Toxicology Letters, 2004, vol. 153, p. 23-28.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.021

PMid:15342077

MUBATANHEMA, W., MOSS, M. O., FRANK, M. J., WILSON, D. M. 1999. Prevalence of Fusarium species of the Liseola section on Zimbabwean corn and their ability to produce the mycotoxins zearalenone, moniliformin and fumonisin B1. In Mycopathologia, 1999, vol. 148, p.157-163.

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007146419501 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007146419501

PMid:11189767

OSTRÝ, V., ŠKARKOVÁ, J., NEDĚLNÍK, J., RUPRICH, J., MORAVCOVÁ, H. 2005. Occurrence of Alternaria and Fusarium mycotoxins in winter wheat from domestic crop in year 2003. In Mycotoxin Research, 2005, vol. 21, p. 23-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02954809

PIOVARČIOVÁ, Z., LABUDA, R., TANČINOVÁ, D. 2007. Výskyt Alternaria spp. na zrnách potravinárskej pšenice dopestovanej na Slovensku v sezóne 2006. In Sborník příspěvků z workshopu MICROMYCO 2007. České Budejovice : Ústav půdní biologie, 2007, p. 124-132.

PITT, J. I., HOCKING, A. D. 1997. Fungi and food spoilage. London : Blackie Academic & Professional, 1997, 593 p., ISBN 0-8342-1306-0.

PITT, J. I., HOCKING, A. D. 1999. Fungi and Food Spoilage. 2. vyd. Maryland: An Aspen Publication, 1999, 593 p., ISBN 0-8342-1306-0.

RABIE, C. J., MARASAS, W. F. O., THIEL, P. G., LÜBBEN, A., VLEGGAAR, R. 1982. Moniliformin production and toxicity of different Fusarium species from southern Africa. In Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1982, vol. 43, p. 517-521. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.43.3.517-521.1982

PMid:7073272

RAMOS, A. J., LABERNIA, N., MARÍN, S., SANCHIS, V., MAGAN, N. 1998. Effect of water activity and temperature on growth and ochratoxin production by three strains of Aspergillus ochraceus on a barley extract medium and on barley grains. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, 1998, vol. 44, p. 133-140.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(98)00131-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(98)00131-7

SAMSON, R. A., Hoekstra, E. S., Frisvad, J. C., Filtenborg, O. 2002a. Introduction to food- and airborne fungi. Utrecht : Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, 2002, 389 p., ISBN 90-70351-42-0.

SAMSON, R. A., HOEKSTRA, E. S., LUND, F., FILTENBORG, O., FRISVALD, J.C. 2002b. Method for the detection, isolation and characterisation of food-borne fungi. In: Samson, R. A., Hoekstra, E. S., Frisvad, J. C. & Filtenborg, O. Introduction to food- and airborne fungi. Utrecht : Centraalbureau voor Schimmecultures, 2002, p. 283-297, ISBN 90-70351-42-0.

SCOTT, P. M. 2001. Analysis of agricultural commodities and foods for Alternaria mycotoxins. In Journal of AOAC International, 2001, vol. 84, p. 1809-1817. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1809

PMid:11767150

SCHRADER, T. J., CHERRY, W., SOPER, K., LANGLOIS, I., VIJAY, H. M. 2001. Examination of Alternaria alternata mutagenicity and effects of nitrosylation using the Ames Salmonella test. In Teratogens, Carcinogens and Mutagens, 2001, vol. 21, p. 261-274. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tcm.1014

SORENSEN, J. L. 2009. Preharvest fungi and their mycotoxins in maize : dizertačná práca. Lyngby : Center for Microbial Biotechnology, 2009, ISBN 978-87-91494-68-0.

SUDAKIN, D. L. 2003. Trichothecenes in the environment: relevance to human health. In Toxicology Letters, vol. 143, 2003, p. 97-107.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00116-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4274(03)00116-4

SULYOK, M., BERTILLER, F., KRSKA, R., SCHUHMACHER, R., 2006. Development and validation of a liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of 39 mycotoxins in wheat and maize. In Rapid communications in mass spectrometry, 2006, vol. 20, p. 2649-2659.

https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.2640 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.2640

PMid:16912987

THRANE, U. 1986. Detection of toxigenic Fusarium isolates by thin layer chromatography. In Letters in Applied Microbiology, 1986, vol. 3, p. 93-96.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1986.tb01556.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.1986.tb01556.x

THRANE, U. 2001. Developments in the taxonomy of Fusarium species based on secondary metabolites. In Summerell, B. A., Leslie, J. F., Backhouse, D., Bryden, W. L., Burgess, L. W. 2001. Fusarium: Paul E. Nelson Memorial Symposium. St. Paul : American Phytopathological Society, 2001, p. 29-49.

THRANE, U., ADLER, A., CLASEN, E., GALVANO, F., LANGSETH, W., LEW, H., LOGRIECO, A., NIELSEN, K. F., RITIENI, A. 2004. Diversity in metabolite production by Fusarium langsethiae, Fusarium poae, and Fusarium sporotrichioides. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, vol. 95, 2004, no. 3, p. 257-266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2003.12.005

PMid: 15337591

TORP, M., NIRENBERG, H. I., 2004. Fusarium langsethiae sp. nov. on cereals in Europe. In International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2004, vol. 95, p. 247-256.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2003.12.014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2003.12.014

PMid:15337590

WEBLEY, D. J., JACKSON, K. L., MULLINS, J. D., HOCKING, A. D., PITT, J. I. 1997. Alternaria toxins in weather-demaged wheat and sorghum in the 1995-1996 Australian harvest. In Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1997, vol. 48, p. 1249-1255.

https://doi.org/10.1071/A97005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/A97005

WEIDENBÖRNER, M. 2001. Encyclopedia of Food Mycotoxins. Springer : London, 2001, 294 p., ISBN 3540675566. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04464-3