Minor lipophilic compounds in edible insects

Authors

  • Monika Sabolová University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6
  • Anna Adámková Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6
  • Lenka Kouřimská Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6
  • Diana Chrpová University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6
  • Jan Pánek University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5219/605

Keywords:

sterol, tocopherol, Tenebrio mollitor, Zophobas morio

Abstract

Contemporary society is faced with the question how to ensure suffiecient nutrition (quantity and quality) for rapidly growing population. One solution can be consumption of edible insect, which can have very good nutritional value (dietary energy, protein, fatty acids, fibers, dietary minerals and vitamins composition). Some edible insects species, which contains a relatively large amount of fat, can have a potential to be a „good" (interesting, new) source of minor lipophilic compounds such as sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) and tocopherols in our diet. For this reason, the objective of this work was to characterize the sterols and tocopherols composition of fat from larvae of edible insect Zophobas morio L. and Tenebrio mollitor L. Cholesterol and three phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) were reliably identified and quantified after hot saponification and derivatization by GC-MS. Other steroid compounds, including 5,6-trans-cholecalciferol were identified only according to the NIST library. Cholesterol was the predominant sterol in all analysed samples. Both types of larvae also contained high amount of phytosterols. Different region of origin had a no significant impact on sterols composition, while the effect of beetle genus was crucial. Tocopherols were analysed by reverse phase HPLC coupled with amperometric detection. Tocopherols content in mealworm larvae was lower than content in edible oils, but important from the nutritional point of view. Change of tocopherols composition was not observed during the storage under different conditions. Larvae of edible insect can be a potential good dietary source of cholesterol, but also vitamin D3 isomers, phytosterols and tocopherols.  

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

AOCS Official Method Ch 6-91. 1997. Determination of the composition of the sterol fraction of animal and vegetable oils and fats by TLC and capillary GLC. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemists´ Society. Champaigne, USA: AOCS Press.

Borsje, B., Heyting, A., Roborgh, J. R., Ross, D. B., Shillam, K. W. G. 1977. Analysis of Fat-Soluble Vitamins. XVI. Antirachitic Activity of 5,6-trans-Vitamin D3 Alone and in the Presence of 5,6-cis-Vitamin D3 Resin, Using Chick Bioassay. Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists, vol. 60, no. 5 , p. 1003-1009. PMid:197056 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/60.5.1003

Chen, T. C., Persons, K. S., Lu, Z., Mathieu, J. S., Holick, M. F. 2000. An evaluation of the biologic activity and vitamin D receptor binding affinity of the photoisomers of vitamin D3 and previtamin D3. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 267-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00077-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2863(00)00077-2

Dinh, T. T. N., Thompson, L. D., Galyean, M. L., Brooks, J. C., Patterson, K. Y., Boylan, L. M. 2011. Cholesterol content and methods for cholesterol determination in meat and poultry. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, vol. 10, p. 269-289. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00158.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2011.00158.x

Filip, B., Milczarek, M., Wietrzyk, J., Chodynski, M., Kutner, A. 2010. Antitumor properties of (5E,7E) analogs of vitamin D3. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol. 121, no. 1-2, p. 399-402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.017

Finke, M. D. 2015. Complete nutrient content of four species of commercially available feeder insects fed enhanced diets during growth. ZOO Biology, vol. 34, no. 6, p. 554-564. https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21246 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.21246

Golebiowski, M., Cerkowniak, M., Urbanek, A., Slocinska, M., Rosinski, G., Stepnowski, P. 2014. Adipokinetic hormone induces changes in the fat body lipid composition of the beetle Zophobas atratus. Peptides, vol. 58, p. 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2014.05.013 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2014.05.013

Gorman, A. A., Hamblett, I., Rodgers, M. A. J. 1987. Ergosterol (Provitamin D2) Triplet State: An Efficient Sensitier of Singlet O2 Formation. Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol. 45, no. 2, p. 215-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1987.tb05366.x PMid:3562585 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1987.tb05366.x

Hofius, D., Sonnewald, U. 2003. Vitamin E biosynthesis: Biochemistry meets cell biology. Trends in Plant Sciences, vol. 8, p. 6-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(02)00002-X DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(02)00002-X

Holick, M. F., Garabedian, M., DeLuca, H. F. 1972. 5,6-Trans isomers of cholecalciferol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol substitutes for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in anephric animals. Biochemistry, vol. 11, no. 14, p. 2715-2719. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00764a026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00764a026

Ikekawa, N., Fujimoto, Y., Ishiguro, M. 2013. Reminiscences of research on the chemistry and biology of natural sterols in insects, plants and humans. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B - Physical and Biological Sciences, vol. 89, no. 8, p. 349-369. https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.89.349 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2183/pjab.89.349

Ikekawa, N., Morisaki, M., Fujimoto, Y. 1993. Sterol metabolism in insects: Dealkylation of phytosterol to cholesterol. Accounts of Chemical Research, vol. 26, no. 4, p. 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00028a002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00028a002

Kuksis, A. 2001. Plasma non-cholesterol sterols. Journal of Chromatography, vol. 935, p. 203-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01226-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01226-2

Lawson, D. E. M. 1971. Vitamin D: new findings on its metabolism and its role in calcium nutrition. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 47-58. PMid:4326653 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS19710008

Leclercq, J. 1948. Sur les besoins en stérols des larves de Tenebrio molitor L. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, vol. 2, p. 614-617. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3002(48)90079-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3002(48)90079-1

Li, S. C. X., Cherian, G., Ahn, D. U., Hardin, R. T, Sim, J. S. 1996. Storage, Heating, and Tocopherols Affect Cholesterol Oxide Formation in Food Oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 44, no. 12, p. 3830-3834. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf950732o DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf950732o

Munne-Bosch, S., Alegre, L. 2002. The function of tocopherols and tocotrienols in plants. Critical Review in Plant Sciences, vol. 21, no. 1, p. 31-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-2689(02)80037-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0735-260291044179

Normén, L., Dutta, P., Lia, A., Andersson, H. 2000. Soy Sterol Esters and Beta-sitostanol Ester as Inhibitors of Cholesterol Absorbtion in Human Small Bowel. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 71, no. 4, p. 908-913. PMid:10731496 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/71.4.908

Ovesen, L., Brot, Ch., Jakobsen, J. 2003. Food Contents and Biological Activity of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D: A Vitamin D Metabolite to be Reckoned With? Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, vol. 47, no. 3-4, p. 107-113. https://doi.org/10.1159/000070031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000070031

Peterson, D. W. 1951. Effect of Soybean Sterols in the Diet on Plasma and Liver Cholesterol in Chicks. Proceeding of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol. 78, no. 1, p. 143-147. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-78-19002 PMid:14891948 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-78-19002

Piironen, V., Lindsay, D. G., Miettinen, T. A., Toivo, J., Lampi, A. M. 2000. Plant Sterols: Biosynthesis, Biological Function and their Importance to Human Nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, vol. 80, no. 7, p. 939-966. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(20000515)80:7<939::AID-JSFA644>3.0.CO;2-C DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(20000515)80:7<939::AID-JSFA644>3.0.CO;2-C

Schmid, A., Walther, B. 2013. Natural Vitamin D Content in Animal Products. Advances in Nutrition, vol. 4, p. 453-462. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.113.003780 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/an.113.003780

Svoboda, J. A., Feldlaufer, M. F. 1991. Neutral sterol-metabolism in insects. Lipids, vol. 26, no. 8, p. 614-618. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536425 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02536425

Svoboda, J. A., Lusby, W. R. 1994. Variability of sterol utilization in stored-products insects. Experientia, vol. 50, no. 1, p. 72-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01992053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01992053

Tsiaras, W. G., Weinstock, M. A. 2011. Factors Influencing Vitamin D Status. Acta Dermato-venereologica, vol. 91, no. 2 , p. 115-124. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0980 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0980

Velíšek, J. 2014. The Chemistry of Food. 1st ed. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 348 p. ISBN 978-1-118-38381-0.

WHO. 2004. A strategy to prevent chronic disease in Europe. A focus on public health action. The CINDI vision. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/134848/E83057.pdf

Downloads

Published

2016-07-05

How to Cite

Sabolová, M. ., Adámková, A. ., Kouřimská, L. ., Chrpová, D. ., & Pánek, J. . (2016). Minor lipophilic compounds in edible insects. Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences, 10(1), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.5219/605

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3