Influence of stage lactation on quality and protein compositions of Kazakh mare milk and koumiss

Togzhan Boranbayeva; Zhanna Dossimova; Dulat Zhalеlov; Aruzhan Zhunisbek; Ayazhan Bolat; Aida Abzhaliyeva; Maxat Toishimanov

doi:10.5219/2026

Authors

Togzhan Boranbayeva Kazakh national agrarian research university, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Department of "Technology of Food Production and Food Safety", Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel.: +7702 169 7035, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1159-1200
Zhanna Dossimova Kazakh national agrarian research university, Reference Laboratory of Dairy Products, Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel:+77074394182 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6447-627X
Dulat Zhalеlov Kazakh national agrarian research university, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Department of "Technology of Food Production and Food Safety", Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel:+7777 188 3689 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9688-2639
Aruzhan Zhunisbek Kazakh national agrarian research university, Reference Laboratory of Dairy Products, Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel: +7 705 5336233 https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8870-1153
Ayazhan Bolat Kazakh national agrarian research university, Reference Laboratory of Dairy Products, Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel:+77087583796
Aida Abzhaliyeva Kazakh national agrarian research university, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of "Veterinary Sanitary Expertise", Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel:+77784099470
Maxat Toishimanov Kazakh national agrarian research university, Kazakhstan-Japan innovation center, Food and environment safety laboratory, Abay str, 8, 050010, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Tel: +77079193922 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-4574

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5219/2026

Keywords:

mare milk, koumiss, protein profile, fat, electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE

Abstract

Limited studies have examined the effects of geography, climate, and lactation on mare's milk in Kazakhstan. The study aimed to assess the protein components and quality of mare's milk and koumiss from 24 mares in southern Kazakhstan. Milk samples were collected monthly between July and December 2023. The soluble protein fraction was analysed via SDS-PAGE. Casein fractions were examined using SDS-PAGE polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The results indicated the presence of α-, β-, and κ-caseins, along with whey proteins such as α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin in the milk and fermented products. The milk contained 9.02% total solids, 1.62% protein and 1.22% casein on average. The mare milk fat content was 0.71% in Almaty, and in the Zhambyl region, it was significantly higher - 1.24%. The fermented koumiss products had a fat content of 1.22% in Almaty, while in Zhambyl, it was significantly higher at 1.94%. Similarly, the casein content in the Zhambyl region was 1.38%, compared to 0.81% in Almaty. The results indicate that different zones significantly affect mare's milk's fat and protein composition.

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